GNSS Signal Interference Detection and Navigation Guard

The aviation industry has long relied on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to provide accurate positioning, navigation, and timing information for aircraft, ensuring safe and efficient operations [1], [2]. However, the increasing vulnerability of these systems to threats such as GNSS jamming and spoofing poses significant risks to aviation safety and operational integrity [3], [4]. Jamming disrupts satellite signals, while spoofing misleads receivers with false signals, creating navigation errors and loss of situational awareness. These interferences can have severe consequences, including flight path deviations and potential accidents.

Therefore, addressing these vulnerabilities is critical for maintaining the safety, security, and reliability of modern air traffic systems [5]. This doctoral thesis proposes an innovative solution aimed at detecting, mitigating, and restoring compromised GNSS signals in real time. The goal is to ensure continuous and accurate navigation even in environments where GNSS signals are intentionally or unintentionally disrupted. The proposed solution will leverage cutting-edge technologies to create a comprehensive defense mechanism against GNSS interference

REFERENCES:

[1] W. A. Ahmed, L. A. Isiaka, B. Mala, and S. F. Olatoyinbo, “Evolution of GNSS/GPS technology and its applications from ancient times to the present,” Next Research, vol. 2, no. 3, p. 100387, Sep. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100387.

[2] R. Sabatini, T. Moore, and S. Ramasamy, “Global navigation satellite systems performance analysis and augmentation strategies in aviation,” Nov. 01, 2017, Elsevier Ltd. doi: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2017.10.002.

[3] M. L. Psiaki and T. E. Humphreys, “GNSS Spoofing and Detection,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 104, no. 6, pp. 1258–1270, Jun. 2016, doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2016.2526658.

[4] J. R. Van Der Merwe, X. Zubizarreta, I. Lukčin, A. Rügamer, and W. Felber, Classification of Spoofing Attack Types,” in 2018 European Navigation Conference, ENC 2018, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Aug. 2018, pp. 91–99. doi: 10.1109/EURONAV.2018.8433227.

[5] C. Huang et al., “To Lock the Authentic Signals: Mitigating GNSS Spoofing with INS-Aided Tracking,” Information Fusion, p. 103596, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.inffus.2025.103596.

The relevance of this research is particularly significant given the increasing reliance on GNSS for both civil and military aviation. With air traffic expanding and GNSS being used for critical safety applications, the risk of interference is rising, as evidenced by documented cases of GNSS disruptions worldwide. This PhD thesis will contribute to aviation safety protocols by providing a real-time, practical solution to one of the most pressing challenges in air navigation. By offering a system capable of restoring GNSS signals to their original state, this work will enhance resilience, minimize flight disruptions, and improve overall air traffic management.

A key aspect of this research is its focus on real-time response capabilities. The ability to counteract GNSS interference in real time is essential for ensuring that aircraft can operate safely without significant delays or rerouting. This capability is particularly critical in low-visibility conditions, where precise navigation is required. By integrating real-time corrective measures, it will support air traffic control systems, allowing them to maintain accurate aircraft tracking even during GNSS disruptions.

• Study and understand the technologies of present GNSS.

• Analyze current anti-spoofing and anti-jamming solutions in navigation systems.

• Analyze and gather relevant information on GNSS signal interference patterns.

• Propose new signal processing methodologies to detect, mitigate and preserve the integrity of GNSS signals.